;)
이 책은 1차 필기시험 합격자 여러분들을 위하여 조금이나마 도움이 되어 드리고자, 2차 실기시험에 대비할 수 있도록 만들었습니다. 2차 실기시험은 필답형 주관식 50％(약 10문항 출제), 작업형 50％(시험시간 약 3시간)로 실시됩니다.
한국산업인력공단 출제 기준에 맞춰 핵심내용과 예상문제 및 작업형 도면, 작품 사진을 일목요연하게 정리하였으나, 작업형 작품은 실제로 직접 많은 제작을 해 보아야 될 것입니다.
한국산업인력공단 출제 기준에 맞춰 핵심내용과 예상문제 및 작업형 도면, 작품 사진을 일목요연하게 정리하였으나, 작업형 작품은 실제로 직접 많은 제작을 해 보아야 될 것입니다.
저자: 김영배
part 01 보일러 설치
제 1 장 보일러의 용량, 효율 및 성능 계산
1. 보일러의 용량 ······························10
2. 보일러 효율 및 성능 계산 ·········12
2-1 보일러 성능 계산 ···············12
2-2 보일러 효율 계산 ···············14
제 2 장 연료 및 연소 계산
1. 연료의 종류와 특성 ·················15
1-1 연료의 개요 ·························15
1-2 연료의 종류와 특징 ··············17
2. 연소설비 및 연소장치 ··············22
2-1 고체 연료의 연소장치 ···········22
2-2 미분탄 연소장치 ··················22
2-3 액체 연료의 연소장치 ··········22
2-4 연소 계통의 구성 ················23
2-5 기체 연료의 연소장치 ··········27
2-6 가스 버너(외부 혼합식)의 종류·······28
3. 연소 계산 ·····································29
3-1 연료의 발열량 계산 ···········29
3-2 연소용 산소 및 공기량 계산 ··········31
3-3 이론 연소온도 ·····························39
- 예상문제 ·········································41
part 02 보일러 운전
제 1 장 보일러 운전 및 조작
1. 보일러 가동 전의 준비사항 ········58
1-1 신설 보일러의 가동 전 준비사항 ········································58
1-2 사용 중인 보일러의 가동 전 준비사항 ································59
2. 보일러 점화, 운전 및 조작 ········59
2-1 유류 보일러의 점화 ···········59
2-2 가스 보일러의 점화 ···········60
3. 보일러 운전 중의 취급 ·········61
3-1 증기 발생 시의 취급 ··········61
3-2 보일러 수위 감시 및 조절··········61
3-3 연소량 조절 및 감시 ················62
4. 보일러 정지 시의 취급 ···············63
제 2 장 보일러 종류, 구조 및 특성
1. 보일러의 개요 및 분류 ···········65
1-1 보일러의 구성 ·····················65
1-2 보일러의 분류 ·····················66
2. 보일러의 종류 및 특성 ···········69
2-1 원통형(둥근형) 보일러 ·········69
2-2 수관 보일러 ···························73
2-3 주철제 보일러 ·························77
2-4 특수 보일러 ····························77
3. 보일러의 전열면적 ······················78
4. 스테이(버팀)의 종류 ···················79
제 3 장 보일러 취급 및 정비
1. 보일러 보존 ··························80
1-1 보일러 보존법 ·····················80
1-2 보일러 용수처리법 ···············80
2. 보일러 청소 및 세관 ···············82
3. 보일러 사고, 손상 및 방지 대책···················85
3-1 보일러 사고 원인과 방지 대책 ··················85
3-2 보일러 손상과 방지 대책 ··························89
- 예상문제 ·····················································93
part 03 보일러 부속설비
제 1 장 급수장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 급수장치의 개요 ·························104
2. 급수장치의 종류 ························105
3. 급수내관 ···································107
제 2 장 송기장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 송기장치의 종류 및 특성 ·········108
1-1 주증기밸브 ·························108
1-2 주증기관 ····························109
1-3 비수방지관 ·························109
1-4 기수분리기 ·························109
1-5 증기헤드 ····························110
1-6 감압밸브 ····························110
1-7 신축이음장치 ·····················111
1-8 증기 트랩 ··························111
1-9 스팀 어큐뮬레이터 ··············113
1-10 플래시 탱크 ·····················113
제 3 장 통풍 및 집진장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 통풍장치의 종류 및 특성 ··········114
1-1 통풍장치의 개요 ···················114
1-2 통풍장치의 종류 및 특성········115
2. 집진장치의 종류 및 특성 ·········118
제 4 장 안전장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 안전장치의 종류 및 특성 ··········119
1-1 안전밸브 ·····························119
1-2 방폭문 ································122
1-3 가용마개(가용전, 용융마개)··············································122
1-4 압력제한기(압력차단기, 압력차단장치) ·····························123
1-5 고ㆍ저수위 경보기(수위검출기, 저수위 경보장치) ················123
1-6 화염검출기 ·························125
1-7 전자밸브 ·····························126
제 5 장 계측기기의 구조 및 원리
1. 계측기기의 종류 및 특성 ··········127
1-1 압력계 ·································127
1-2 수면계 ································129
제 6 장 분출장치의 구조 및 원리 ······139
제 7 장 자동제어장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 자동제어의 개요 ··················142
1-1 자동제어의 개념 ················142
1-2 자동제어의 블록선도(피드백제어의 기본회로) ·············143
1-3 자동제어의 종류 ·························144
1-4 제어기기의 일반 ·························148
1-5 수위검출 기구 ····························150
2. 보일러 자동제어 ···························151
2-1 보일러 자동제어의 목적 ··············151
2-2 자동제어의 용어 해설 ·················151
제 8 장 기타 부속장치의 종류 및 구조
1. 열교환(폐열회수) 장치 ··············154
1-1 과열기 ·································154
1-2 재열기 ································156
1-3 절탄기 ································156
1-4 공기예열기 ·························157
2. 가정용 온수 보일러(유류 연소용)자동제어장치 ························159
3. 열교환기의 종류 ·································································159
- 예상문제 ·············································································160
part 04 보일러 배관
제 1 장 보일러 시공 도면 해독 및 작성
1. 배관도시 ····································184
1-1 관의 도시법 ····························184
1-3 도시 기호 ·······························186
2. 보일러 시공 배관도 ···················188
제 2 장 보일러 시공용 공구와 장비의 취급
1. 배관 공구 및 장비의 종류와 특성·························192
1-1 배관 공구 및 장비 ··········································192
1-2 관이음쇠 ························································195
제 3 장 배관 작업
1. 각종 관의 가공 및 조립 ········197
1-1 관의 절단, 접합, 성형 ······197
1-2 배관지지 기구 ·················199
1-3 종류에 따른 관이음쇠의 중심 선 길이 및 여유 치수 ······202
2. 방열관 시공 ························208
2-1 난방 형식 ·························208
2-2 방열관 시공 ······················209
3. 방열기 ································212
4. 난방설비 ····························214
4-1 증기난방 설비 ··················214
4-2 온수난방 설비 ··················219
4-3 온수난방 분류 ··················220
4-4 복사난방 및 지역난방 ·······220
제 4 장 시공재료의 열전달
1. 보온재의 종류 및 특성 ·········222
1-1 보온의 정의와 목적 ··········222
1-2 보온재의 구비조건 ············222
1-3 보온재의 열전도율 ···········222
1-4 보온재의 종류 ···················223
2. 열전도,열전달,열관류(열통과) ··227
2-1 열전도량 ····························227
2-2 열전달량 ····························227
2-3 열관류율(열통과율), 열관류량(열통과량) ·························227
- 예상문제 ········································228
부록
작업형 실기 시험·······································································275
작업형 실기 시험 수험자유의사항················································275
작업형 실기 시험 수험자 지참 준비물 ·········································276
작업형 실기 시험 채점 기준표 ····················································277
작업형 실기 시험 공개 도면 (① ~ ⑥) ········································278
2012년도 출제문제····················································290
2013년도 출제문제····················································309
2014년도 출제문제····················································328
2015년도 출제문제····················································349
2016년도 출제문제····················································368
2017년도 출제문제·····················································388
2018년도 출제문제·····················································408
2019년도 출제문제·····················································430
제 1 장 보일러의 용량, 효율 및 성능 계산
1. 보일러의 용량 ······························10
2. 보일러 효율 및 성능 계산 ·········12
2-1 보일러 성능 계산 ···············12
2-2 보일러 효율 계산 ···············14
제 2 장 연료 및 연소 계산
1. 연료의 종류와 특성 ·················15
1-1 연료의 개요 ·························15
1-2 연료의 종류와 특징 ··············17
2. 연소설비 및 연소장치 ··············22
2-1 고체 연료의 연소장치 ···········22
2-2 미분탄 연소장치 ··················22
2-3 액체 연료의 연소장치 ··········22
2-4 연소 계통의 구성 ················23
2-5 기체 연료의 연소장치 ··········27
2-6 가스 버너(외부 혼합식)의 종류·······28
3. 연소 계산 ·····································29
3-1 연료의 발열량 계산 ···········29
3-2 연소용 산소 및 공기량 계산 ··········31
3-3 이론 연소온도 ·····························39
- 예상문제 ·········································41
part 02 보일러 운전
제 1 장 보일러 운전 및 조작
1. 보일러 가동 전의 준비사항 ········58
1-1 신설 보일러의 가동 전 준비사항 ········································58
1-2 사용 중인 보일러의 가동 전 준비사항 ································59
2. 보일러 점화, 운전 및 조작 ········59
2-1 유류 보일러의 점화 ···········59
2-2 가스 보일러의 점화 ···········60
3. 보일러 운전 중의 취급 ·········61
3-1 증기 발생 시의 취급 ··········61
3-2 보일러 수위 감시 및 조절··········61
3-3 연소량 조절 및 감시 ················62
4. 보일러 정지 시의 취급 ···············63
제 2 장 보일러 종류, 구조 및 특성
1. 보일러의 개요 및 분류 ···········65
1-1 보일러의 구성 ·····················65
1-2 보일러의 분류 ·····················66
2. 보일러의 종류 및 특성 ···········69
2-1 원통형(둥근형) 보일러 ·········69
2-2 수관 보일러 ···························73
2-3 주철제 보일러 ·························77
2-4 특수 보일러 ····························77
3. 보일러의 전열면적 ······················78
4. 스테이(버팀)의 종류 ···················79
제 3 장 보일러 취급 및 정비
1. 보일러 보존 ··························80
1-1 보일러 보존법 ·····················80
1-2 보일러 용수처리법 ···············80
2. 보일러 청소 및 세관 ···············82
3. 보일러 사고, 손상 및 방지 대책···················85
3-1 보일러 사고 원인과 방지 대책 ··················85
3-2 보일러 손상과 방지 대책 ··························89
- 예상문제 ·····················································93
part 03 보일러 부속설비
제 1 장 급수장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 급수장치의 개요 ·························104
2. 급수장치의 종류 ························105
3. 급수내관 ···································107
제 2 장 송기장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 송기장치의 종류 및 특성 ·········108
1-1 주증기밸브 ·························108
1-2 주증기관 ····························109
1-3 비수방지관 ·························109
1-4 기수분리기 ·························109
1-5 증기헤드 ····························110
1-6 감압밸브 ····························110
1-7 신축이음장치 ·····················111
1-8 증기 트랩 ··························111
1-9 스팀 어큐뮬레이터 ··············113
1-10 플래시 탱크 ·····················113
제 3 장 통풍 및 집진장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 통풍장치의 종류 및 특성 ··········114
1-1 통풍장치의 개요 ···················114
1-2 통풍장치의 종류 및 특성········115
2. 집진장치의 종류 및 특성 ·········118
제 4 장 안전장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 안전장치의 종류 및 특성 ··········119
1-1 안전밸브 ·····························119
1-2 방폭문 ································122
1-3 가용마개(가용전, 용융마개)··············································122
1-4 압력제한기(압력차단기, 압력차단장치) ·····························123
1-5 고ㆍ저수위 경보기(수위검출기, 저수위 경보장치) ················123
1-6 화염검출기 ·························125
1-7 전자밸브 ·····························126
제 5 장 계측기기의 구조 및 원리
1. 계측기기의 종류 및 특성 ··········127
1-1 압력계 ·································127
1-2 수면계 ································129
제 6 장 분출장치의 구조 및 원리 ······139
제 7 장 자동제어장치의 구조 및 원리
1. 자동제어의 개요 ··················142
1-1 자동제어의 개념 ················142
1-2 자동제어의 블록선도(피드백제어의 기본회로) ·············143
1-3 자동제어의 종류 ·························144
1-4 제어기기의 일반 ·························148
1-5 수위검출 기구 ····························150
2. 보일러 자동제어 ···························151
2-1 보일러 자동제어의 목적 ··············151
2-2 자동제어의 용어 해설 ·················151
제 8 장 기타 부속장치의 종류 및 구조
1. 열교환(폐열회수) 장치 ··············154
1-1 과열기 ·································154
1-2 재열기 ································156
1-3 절탄기 ································156
1-4 공기예열기 ·························157
2. 가정용 온수 보일러(유류 연소용)자동제어장치 ························159
3. 열교환기의 종류 ·································································159
- 예상문제 ·············································································160
part 04 보일러 배관
제 1 장 보일러 시공 도면 해독 및 작성
1. 배관도시 ····································184
1-1 관의 도시법 ····························184
1-3 도시 기호 ·······························186
2. 보일러 시공 배관도 ···················188
제 2 장 보일러 시공용 공구와 장비의 취급
1. 배관 공구 및 장비의 종류와 특성·························192
1-1 배관 공구 및 장비 ··········································192
1-2 관이음쇠 ························································195
제 3 장 배관 작업
1. 각종 관의 가공 및 조립 ········197
1-1 관의 절단, 접합, 성형 ······197
1-2 배관지지 기구 ·················199
1-3 종류에 따른 관이음쇠의 중심 선 길이 및 여유 치수 ······202
2. 방열관 시공 ························208
2-1 난방 형식 ·························208
2-2 방열관 시공 ······················209
3. 방열기 ································212
4. 난방설비 ····························214
4-1 증기난방 설비 ··················214
4-2 온수난방 설비 ··················219
4-3 온수난방 분류 ··················220
4-4 복사난방 및 지역난방 ·······220
제 4 장 시공재료의 열전달
1. 보온재의 종류 및 특성 ·········222
1-1 보온의 정의와 목적 ··········222
1-2 보온재의 구비조건 ············222
1-3 보온재의 열전도율 ···········222
1-4 보온재의 종류 ···················223
2. 열전도,열전달,열관류(열통과) ··227
2-1 열전도량 ····························227
2-2 열전달량 ····························227
2-3 열관류율(열통과율), 열관류량(열통과량) ·························227
- 예상문제 ········································228
부록
작업형 실기 시험·······································································275
작업형 실기 시험 수험자유의사항················································275
작업형 실기 시험 수험자 지참 준비물 ·········································276
작업형 실기 시험 채점 기준표 ····················································277
작업형 실기 시험 공개 도면 (① ~ ⑥) ········································278
2012년도 출제문제····················································290
2013년도 출제문제····················································309
2014년도 출제문제····················································328
2015년도 출제문제····················································349
2016년도 출제문제····················································368
2017년도 출제문제·····················································388
2018년도 출제문제·····················································408
2019년도 출제문제·····················································430
